What are the components of transformer components?

Body main body: including iron core, winding, insulation support

Voltage regulating device: tap changer, (load regulating device and non-excitation regulating device)

Fuel tank and fin-shaped radiator (wing), sleeve

Safety devices: moisture absorber, gas relay, oil filter and temperature measuring instrument, etc.

Transformer oil function

Insulation function: Transformer oil has a strong insulation performance, which produces insulation strength between the winding and the casing. DB5 and DB45 types are common.

Heat dissipation function: The transformer oil naturally circulates between the body and the fin-shaped radiator according to the principle of heat rise, and the heat is dissipated through the radiator to keep the temperature of the coil not too high.

Arc suppression: When operating the on-load voltage regulating device, an arc will be generated when the tap switch is opened, and the transformer oil can extinguish the arc and play a protective role.

What is the function of the oil conservator (oil pillow)?

The oil pillow (oil storage tank) is installed obliquely above the oil tank, with oil pipes communicating with the oil tank. When the volume of transformer oil expands and shrinks with the change of oil temperature, the oil pillow plays the role of oil storage and oil replenishment. Prevent oil and air from being oxidized and damp. The oil pillow is equipped with an oil standard tube, and some are also equipped with a liquid level indicator to observe the change of the oil level.

What is on-load voltage regulation?

On-load voltage regulation is a voltage regulation method in which the transformer can change the voltage by changing the tap position when the transformer is running under load.

What are the losses of the transformer in operation?

Transformer loss includes: no-load loss (iron loss): loss caused by iron core eddy current,

Load loss (copper loss): The loss caused by the resistance heating of the winding.

The role of moisture absorber (respirator)

Since the temperature of the transformer will change at any time during operation, the oil level inside the transformer will increase or decrease. The gas must be discharged, otherwise the pressure will increase; it can be understood as the annual process of breathing, which prevents oil and air during this process. The effect of direct contact degradation.

Add a silica gel tank to the oil exhalation channel. The transformer breathes through the silica gel, and the discharged moisture is absorbed. When the moisture reaches a certain level, the color of the silica gel will change from blue to red. At this time, the silica gel needs to be replaced. Pictured

What is a Buchholz relay? What is the role?

Buchholz relay (also known as gas relay) is a protection device used in transformers. It is installed in the pipeline between the oil conservator and the oil tank of the transformer. When the internal fault of the transformer causes the oil to decompose to produce gas or cause the oil flow to surge, The contact of the gas relay is activated, and the “heavy gas” trip signal and the “light gas” alarm signal are sent to the duty personnel through the internal electrical normally open contact to remind the transformer has been abnormal or faulty.